The question "What does back pain mean?"It may look stupid.Anyone can test it.Dried, lifted heavy object, it was in a forced posture for a long time, an uncomfortable bed, here is a list of ordinary causes of back and pain overload.The decision is prayed.Drink an anesthetic and wait for a speedy recovery.
It doesn't always help.The pain can be firmly strengthened in the back and become the oldest enemy for weeks, months, years.Even then, some patients may not see a doctor, but they continue to take pills.
Pain is the signal of our body through the nervous system that there is a problem and it must be solved.The situation is much worse when the disease progresses and nothing hurts.This happens in cancer when the pain occurs in the last stages of the disease.
Pain
Non -specific - takes more than 85% of the doctor's visit.Associated with muscle overload, ties, tendons, small joints of the spine.
Koreshka - caused by compression of the nerve root of hernia.Up to 10% of cases.
Specific - caused by a particular disease.This includes spinal fracture, tuberculosis, purulent process, neoplasm, narrowing of the spinal canal, disease of the abdominal cavity, small pelvis and others.Up to 10% of cases.
Symptoms
Typical symptoms of no -specific pain:
- appearance, exacerbation of movement (sharp rotation of the head, inclination, lifting of weights);
- occurs after a long forced position (stuck computer work, with professional drivers, static constant work for sellers);
- Restricting after sleeping in an uncomfortable position, on an uneven surface.
The cause of these symptoms in violation of the motor stereotype when some muscles and joints are overwhelmed, while others, on the contrary, are not involved in movements.
There is such a thing as a "unprepared" movement.When the muscles do not stretch, the connections do not warm up and are given either a large load or a very large volume of movements.So, office workers who do not participate in sports, after Timbilding events with gaming activities, rope cities, competitions may not go to work the next day due to back problems.Another category is the gardeners of the retirement era.They spent all winter houses with minimal physical activity and suddenly gave an unnecessary load on the spine.The result is one - pain, restriction of mobility.
The roots of the spinal cord are characterized by:
- shooting pain in the toes of the foot, brush;
- impaired reflexes;
- Change in sensitivity (numbness, increased sensitivity of the skin);
- reduction of muscle strength;
- Symptoms in muscle tension.
According to these symptoms - tongue pain, tingling of the little finger on the arm, or shooting pain in the legs, it is often possible to determine quite exactly at what level in the spine there was a nerve compression without MRI.
Specific pain can indicate a potentially dangerous, serious illness.Symptoms of threats:
- the onset of constant back pain up to 15 years and after 50 years;
- An unsustainable nature of pain (pain does not decrease alone, in the reclining position, in certain poses);
- the relationship of pain to the injury;
- smoothness of pain;
- the presence of oncology earlier;
- temperature pain, weight loss;
- prolonged stiffness in the morning;
- Paralysis, pelvic disorders, severe sensitivity disorders;
- Changes in urine analyzes, blood.
The cause of such disorders may be serious illnesses:
- rheumatic diseases;
- malignant tumors;
- infections (osteomyelitis, abscess, tuberculosis, herpes surrounding);
- vascular diseases (abdominal aortic aneurysm);
- blood disorders;
- osteoporosis;
- Kidney disease, cystitis;
- pancreatitis, duodenal ulcer;
- Spinal groove stenosis, vertebral fractures.
Therefore, it is better to consult a doctor to rule out dangerous causes.Especially if painkillers help weakly and have dangerous symptoms.
Diagnostics
This is the most important stage of treatment, as all additional actions depend on it.It seems that you can make X -Ray or MRI, then everything will become clear.But there are pitfalls here.A functional diagnostic doctor concludes based on what he sees in the picture.But he does not examine the patient himself.Therefore, the results of the picture are not equal to the diagnosis.
We will analyze the example.If you are taking fully healthy people aged 20, then almost half of them can be detected by hernia on intervertebral discs.But this does not mean that they need treatment in a deep examination or spinal surgery to eliminate defects.
Clinical recommendations for doctors from the general practice of the National Institute for Improvement of Britain's Health and Social Assistance Standards in most cases with undisturbed pain syndrome up to 1 year at all recommend neither X -ray nor CT/MRI with a number of exceptions.
Isn't hernia to cause pain?Only in 1 out of 10 cases.In all other cases, the hernia of the disc and back pain is not associated.
First, the history of pain development, the first episode, the circumstances (injury, load) are clarified, what other symptoms have occurred as if they were not associated with back pain.
During the inspection, the turns of the spine, limiting mobility, muscle tension, are evaluated.Localization of pain, signs of root compression ("gives" in the leg, impaired sensitivity of the limbs).
And only then, according to the testimony, CT/MRI are held, a common and biochemical blood test are prescribed.
The doctor should therefore be diagnosed.It should determine the type of pain, the necessary studies, to rule out the dangerous symptoms of specific pain and only then prescribe treatment.
Treatment
First aid. Even before taking pills, you can help yourself.You need to unload your spine and give you a chance to relax.To do this, lie on a flat hard surface (floor, dining table, plywood sheet) on the back.You should place a large pillow, roller, stools under your feet so that the angle between the body and the hips is 90 degrees in the knees.
We slowly breathe and try to relax as much as possible with each exhalation.You can lie as needed.The main thing is that the surface is not cold.Soft sofas, beds are not suitable.
MedicationSUsually, treatment begins with non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which will help relieve pain and inflammation.These medicines can be purchased without a prescription, but cannot be taken uncontrollably.
Admission can lead to erosion, intestinal ulcers and stomach, bleeding.If there are already problems with the gastrointestinal tract, it increases the risk of complications.They can have a toxic effect on the liver.There is a risk of the cardiovascular system, kidneys, with bronchial asthma.
Traditional NSAIDs have more side effects, especially on the digestive system.But they are quite affordable.
Selective NSAIDs have a much more harmful effect on the digestive tract, but have a higher price.
At the same time, the choice of the medicine is better to entrust the doctor so as to correlate the risk and benefit in any case.Maybe prescribed stomach protection medicines.
Another group of medicines are muscle relaxants, they help relieve muscle spasm.
Chondroprotectors are also used.
Life. Back pain does not mean you have to lie all the time.Bed holiday, corsets and other devices that limit movements are not recommended.This will only lead to the weakening of the muscles that keep us upright.
It is necessary to maintain reasonable activity to maintain the tone, normalize blood circulation.Light walks, gymnastics, physiotherapy exercises are appropriate.
You should also sleep on a solid orthopedic mattress.Make breaks in walking work.Drink enough liquid.
Prevention
For prevention, it is necessary to strengthen the back to create a strong muscle corset.Such physiological directions as swimming, Pilates and yoga are appropriate.
Sleep is recommended on a flat hard surface.The pillow is small, comfortable.
Raise bags with more than 3 kg with straight lower back with the force of the legs.The load is distributed evenly with 2 hands.
Replace the bag with a backpack and carry on two straps
To reduce the shock load of the spine, wear a thick spring -coated shoe.It is advisable to lose weight.